Lipno nad Vltavou is a picturesque village in South Bohemia located on the left bank of the Lipno reservoir near the dam.
The history of the village dates back to the 16th century, the first written mention of the village dates back to 1530. Today’s village, located above the beginning of the Lipno Valley Reservoir, used to be located in the valley of the Vltava River. The original settlement belonged to the Vyšší Brod estate and, like many surrounding settlements, it belonged to small timber settlements, where workers who provided timber on the Vltava River lived.
The historical development of the village to a large extent foreshadowed its current fate. On the other hand, the construction of the Lipno water reservoir, which meant the end of the original settlement, created a potential that gave rise to a new village. Despite the fact that the Lipno water reservoir was built in the 1950s, the fact that the village was located in close proximity to the so-called “Iron Curtain” meant the stagnation of any development of the village for almost the entire second half of the 20th century. A new epoch in the development of the village was brought about by the fall of the Iron Curtain, the opening of the border parts of the Czech Republic and thus the Lipno region at the beginning of the 90s of the last century.
Very soon it became clear that the original economy, focused mainly on the wood-processing industry, would play an increasingly smaller role in the economic development of the village and the entire region in the future, not only as a result of the need for restructuring. The gradual loss of competitiveness of most local enterprises led to the extinction of many, and the need for fundamental restructuring of those who survived. The necessary accompanying effect was an almost leapfrog change in the living conditions of local residents, a gradual increase in unemployment brought with it a decline in services, an overall reduction in the level of local civic amenities.
With the growing problem in the form of the above-mentioned negative effects of the transformation of the Czech economy, the municipality increasingly asked itself the question “whether there is a solution that would help the municipality to create job opportunities for local residents, contribute to the overall sustainable development of the area and be applicable in local conditions”. The answer was quite obvious, the same historical development that for more than four decades prevented people from entering and moving in the border areas of the Lipno region, preserved preserved nature and landscape throughout the territory, in a way unique on the scale of the whole of Central Europe. Just as it was more obvious that any industry and agriculture are among the sectors that will be accompanied by a decline for several years, it was evident that the only sector that can be considered in the Lipno region is the development of tourism.
From today’s point of view, it can be said that the municipality of Lipno seized its potential in a completely unique, almost exemplary way for Czech conditions. Immediately after the fall of the Iron Curtain, the municipality began a complete revision of the municipality’s zoning plan and, despite minimal own funds, began to consolidate the land in the municipality’s cadastre, often with the use of loans and despite frequent incomprehensible and dismissive reactions from the surroundings. All this with the sole aim of preparing an area that could be offered to potential investors interested in investing in tourism infrastructure in the region. The chosen method was determined by several factors, the municipality did not have its own funds and focused all its efforts primarily on preparing the conditions for the influx of investors, moreover, already in the early 90s, the municipality management conceived a completely revolutionary principle for the time and that the municipality can create conditions, but private capital should invest.
Perseverance and conviction in the right course of action bore fruit and in 1997 the municipality began negotiations with a Dutch investor, who immediately built one of the largest yacht marinas in the whole of Central Europe – the now very famous Marina Lipno apartment complex. The investment amounting to more than one billion crowns marked a major turning point for the municipality and a springboard that began a new future for the largest and best-equipped tourist resort in Šumava and the entire South Bohemian Region.
As is the case with industrial investments, the decisions of the Dutch investor started a chain reaction and further investments were not long in coming. The trust of the Dutch investor and the prospect of a permanent clientele in the form of Dutch visitors triggered the construction of other related infrastructure, including the significant development of the local ski resort Lipno – Kramolín.
All this led to the creation of a resort, which today, at the beginning of the 21st century, forms the background for the entire tourist region of Vyšší Brod and Lipno and, to a certain extent, for the entire area of the South Bohemian part of Šumava. In the village today, both local residents and visitors, whose number is growing every year, can use the aquapark, a ski resort offering more than 7 km of relaxed downhill slopes, a snowboard park, a unique bobsleigh track, an open-air cinema and countless other attractions that the development of tourism has brought.
The original historic village, mostly flooded during the construction of the Lipno water reservoir, is now decorated with a new square with many cafes, ornamental greenery and promenade paths. At sunset in the evening, everyone can take a walk along the built Polipen highway or sit in one of the local pubs and restaurants.
The village of Lipno nad Vltavou is flourishing comfortably, and although in the eyes of a layman the concentration of tourism facilities in the Šumava region may seem unnatural, the example of Lipno proves that tourism is a path that can mean a pleasant future for the entire territory of the Lipno region, which will not only help the development of local civic amenities, which will ensure a pleasant old age for the local residents, but also create conditions that will attract young people to the area, for whom the village will represent a pleasant place to live, offering quality and well-paid job opportunities in the middle of the beautiful nature of the Lipno region and the South Bohemian part of the Šumava region.